![]() In addition, social institutions can mainly be described through their consequences, which, however, does not fully explain the reasons for these effects (Wandi et al., 2021). Consequently, change is a continuous process until it reaches a crisis point where transformation takes place.įunctionalism intently focuses on the equilibrium of a society and says that it consists of mutually dependent parts working together to maintain that equilibrium. Therefore, when people reach a point where further growth of society is not possible, a crisis takes place, which transforms the society. However, the conflict theory says that the probability of change is embedded in the basic structures and relations among the classes of our society (Rusu, 2020). These new integrated structures guarantee the smooth running of our society, and thus, it argues that the members are responsible for its stability and order. Thus, even though changes occur, structures inside a society emerge to compensate for the change. ![]() ![]() Structural functionalism says that when a society becomes complex, differentiation takes place, and integration takes place among the new institutions. This can be explained by the fact that different social groups strive to take each other’s place in the social hierarchy. According to the first subject of study, discrimination fits perfectly into society because it produces positive results, but second idea states that social change is inevitable and will occur continuously and rapidly (Rusu, 2020). The study of structural functionalism and conflict theory is characterized by dissimilar value orientations since they have the same perception of inequality, which is that the dominant groups profit from discrimination. While this notion believes that social inequality and oppression may be necessary for the stability, integration and functioning of a society, the theory of conflict holds exploitation by dominant groups to be the main reason for social problems. In the concept of functionalism, it is believed that an individual is simply an occupant of their social role and is, thus, not as significant as a person but rather as a combination of social roles and status (Izadi et al., 2020). The first subject in question emphasizes social order more than social change, unlike conflict theory, which believes that fundamental changes and conflicts are unavoidable in a society.
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